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Especially historically in United States politics, the radical right is a political preference that leans toward extreme conservatism and anti-socialism.〔David Brion Davis, ed. ''The Fear of Conspiracy: Images of Un-American Subversion from the Revolution to the present'' (1971) p xviii–xix〕 The term was first used by social scientists in the 1950s regarding small groups such as the John Birch Society in the United States, and since has been used for similar groups worldwide.〔Diamond, pp. 5–6〕 The term "radical" was applied to the groups because they sought to make fundamental (hence "radical") changes in institutions and remove from political life persons and institutions that threatened their values or economic interests.〔Lipset, p. 307〕 They were called "right-wing" primarily because of their opposition to both socialism and communism and their ultraconservative or reactionary tendencies which limited new access to power and status.〔Lipset & Raab, p. 153〕 ==Terminology== There is disagreement over how right-wing movements should be described, and no consensus in terminology, although the terminology developed in the 1950s, using the words "radical" or "extremist" is the most commonly used. Other scholars prefer calling them simply "The Right" or "conservatives", which is what they call themselves. The terminology is used to describe a broad range of movements.〔 The term "radical right" was coined by Seymour Martin Lipset in his article included in ''The New American Right'', published in 1955.〔Plotke, p. lxxvii〕 The contributors to that book identified a conservative "responsible Right" as represented by the Republican administration of Dwight D. Eisenhower and a radical Right that wished to change political and social life.〔Plotke, pp. xxvi–xxvii〕 Further to the right of the ''Radical Right'', they identified an ''ultraright''. Most ultraright groups operate outside political life, call for drastic change and in extreme cases use violence against the state. These groups were seen as having developed from the Radical Right, both by adopting ideology and containing members drawn from them.〔Plotke, pp. xxxix–xl〕 In ''The Radical Right'' a contrast is made between the main section of the Radical Right that developed in the 1950s and was able to obtain influence during the Reagan administration, and the related ultraright that had turned to violent acts including the Oklahoma bombing.〔Plotke, pp. xi–xii〕 Ultraright groups, as defined in ''The Radical Right'', are normally called "far-right",〔Davies & Lynch, p. 5〕 although they may be called "radical right" as well.〔Davies & Lynch, p. 335〕 According to Clive Webb, "''Radical right'' is commonly, but not completely, used to describe anticommunist organizations such as the Christian Crusade and John Birch Society.... ()he term ''far right''...is the label most broadly used by scholars...to describe militant white supremacists."〔Webb, p.10〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Radical right (United States)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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